Updates Soyuz-TMA-21 "Yuri Gagarin" Updates

(Not sure why it was closed)

In the event of a collision or tough docking, the BO could be damaged and lose its atmosphere. Sealing the 2 modules prior to docking is a safety procedure. If the BO was damaged, the crew could jettison it and abort the mission.
 
NASA:
Sep. 07, 2011​
MEDIA ADVISORY : M11-188
NASA TV Will Broadcast Soyuz Landing On Sept. 15


HOUSTON -- NASA Television will broadcast the return to Earth of three crew members who have called the International Space Station (ISS) home for more than five months.

On Sept. 15, Expedition 28 Soyuz Commander Alexander Samokutyaev, NASA Flight Engineer Ron Garan and off-going station Commander Andrey Borisenko will undock from the station's Poisk module to return to Earth in their Soyuz TMA-21 spacecraft.

They are set to land on the southern region steppe of Kazakhstan near the town of Dzhezkazgan at 11:01 p.m. CDT on Sept. 15 (10:01 a.m. local time, Sept. 16). Their return was delayed a week due to the Aug. 24 loss of the unmanned ISS Progress 44 cargo craft.

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The full schedule of the Expedition 28 Soyuz TMA-21 hatch closure, undocking and landing coverage is below. All times are CDT.

Wednesday, Sept. 14
  • 4:40 p.m. [21:40 UTC] - Expedition 28-29 change of command ceremony (Borisenko hands over station command to Fossum)
Thursday, Sept. 15
  • 4 p.m. [21:00 UTC] -¬ Soyuz TMA-21 crew farewells and hatch closure (hatch closure scheduled at 4:35 p.m.)
  • 7:15 p.m. [00:15 UTC on 16th] - Undocking coverage (undocking scheduled at 7:37 p.m.)
  • 9:30 p.m. [02:30 UTC on 16th] - Deorbit burn and landing coverage (Deorbit burn scheduled at 10:06 p.m., landing in Kazakhstan scheduled at 11:01 p.m.)
Friday, Sept. 16
  • 2 a.m. [07:00 UTC] - Video File of the landing and post-landing activities (repeated at 4 a.m. and 6 a.m.)
  • 11 a.m. [16:00 UTC] - Video File of the landing and post-landing activities that includes post-landing interview with Garan and the cosmonauts' return to Chkalovsky Airfield near Star City, Russia

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Current timeline for undocking and landing in UTC (September 16th):
  • 00:37:00 UTC - undocking,
  • 03:06:04 UTC - deorbit burn,
  • 04:01:01 UTC - landing.
 
Spaceflight Now: Mission Status Center:
Tonight's Soyuz departure activities begin when the command to open hooks and latches firmly holding the capsule to its docking port is sent at 8:35 p.m. EDT (0035 GMT). Physical separation between the two craft occurs three minutes later at 8:38 p.m.

After moving a short distance from the station, the Soyuz engines will fire for 15 seconds to propel the craft out of the orbiting lab's vicinity.

About two-and-a-half hours later, the capsule's engines will ignite for the deorbit burn to brake from space. The onboard computers will initiate an engine firing at 11:05:27 p.m. EDT (0305:27 GMT) that slows the ship by 258 miles per hour, just enough to slip out of orbit for the return to Earth. The burn will last four minutes and 20 seconds.

Shortly before reaching the top of the atmosphere, the Soyuz's three distinct modules will separate at 11:33:24 p.m. EDT (0333:247 GMT). The crew will be located in the Descent Module, which is sandwiched between the forward Orbital Module containing the docking mechanism and the rear Instrumentation and Propulsion Module housing the engines and avionics.

The Descent Module orients itself to point the ablative heat shield in the direction of travel to protect the craft and crew from the intense plunge back to Earth. At 11:36:43 p.m. EDT (0336:43 GMT) and an altitude of 63 miles, the moment of Entry Interface occurs as the capsule hits the upper fringes of the atmosphere for the fiery re-entry.

During the fall to Earth, the Orbital Module and Instrumentation and Propulsion Module will burn up in the atmosphere.

About seven minutes after Entry Interface, the crew will experience the period of maximum G-loads during entry at an altitude of 20 miles, as they feel the tug of Earth's gravity for the first time since launch.

At 11:45:20 p.m. (0345:20 GMT), the onboard computers will start a commanded sequence for deployment of the capsule's parachutes at an altitude of about 6.6 miles. Two "pilot" parachutes are unfurled first, extracting a drogue parachute.

The parachute deployment creates a gentle spin for the Soyuz as it dangles underneath the drogue chute, assisting in the capsule's stability in the final minutes before touchdown.

The drogue chute will be jettisoned, allowing the main parachute to be deployed. It is connected to the Descent Module by two harnesses.

Initially, the Descent Module will hang underneath the main parachute at a 30-degree angle with respect to the horizon for aerodynamic stability, but the bottommost harness will be severed a few minutes before landing, allowing the Descent Module to hang vertically through touchdown.

At an altitude of just over three miles, the heat shield will be cast free. That is followed by dumping of any residual propellant from the Soyuz.

Once the heat shield is gone, the Soyuz altimeter is exposed to the surface of the Earth. Using a reflector system, signals are bounced to the ground from the Soyuz and reflected back, providing the capsule's computers updated information on altitude and rate of descent.

At an altitude of about 40 feet, cockpit displays will tell the crew to prepare for the soft landing engine firing. Just seconds before touchdown, the six solid propellant engines are fired in a final braking maneuver, enabling the Soyuz to land to complete its mission.

Touchdown is expected at 12:00:22 a.m. EDT (0400:22 GMT) on the steppes of central Kazakhstan. The target landing spot is 47.16 degrees North latitude and 69.35 degrees East longitude. The mission concludes with a duration of 164 days, 5 hours and 42 minutes.

A group of Russian helicopters carrying the recovery forces should arrive soon after landing to help the crew exit the capsule.

Each crew member will be placed in special reclining chairs near the capsule for initial medical tests and begin readapting to Earth's gravity. They will be transferred into a portable medical tent erected near the touchdown point where the three crew members can remove their spacesuits.

Post-landing plans call for the crew to be flown from the site in helicopters.
 
From ISS On-Orbit Status Report for 15/09/2011.

Preparations for tonight’s undocking will pick up momentum at ~8:00 PM GMT, with the activation of the Soyuz spacecraft by Samokutyayev & Borisenko who will also perform checkouts and conduct communications tests from the Soyuz TMA-21/26S to RGS (Russian Groundsite) via VHF (Very High Frequency).

Russian thrusters will be disabled from ~9:00 PM-10:40 PM GMT due to load constraints for the removal, by Sasha & Andrey, of the QD (Quick Disconnect) screw clamps (BZV) of the docking & internal transfer mechanism (SSVP) which rigidized the joint at the MRM-2 Zenith port (9:00 PM-9:20 PM GMT).

After Crew Farewell, Andrey, Ron & Sasha will enter the Soyuz at ~9:20 PM-9:40 PM GMT, covered by live PAO TV.

Next, with the Soyuz spacecraft’s gas analyzer (GA) running, Samokutyayev inside MRM-2 and Volkov outside close MRM-2 & Soyuz hatches. The departing Soyuz crew then starts the standard one-hour leak check on the Soyuz-to-Poisk vestibule.

After attitude control authority handover to the RS MCS (Russian Segment Motion Control System) at ~11:45 PM GMT, the ISS will maneuver to undock attitude. The returning crew will then perform Sokol suit leak checks and depressurize the BO Orbital Module by 150 mmHg for leak checking the SA-BO hatch. Next, they will don their Kentavr g-suits, biomed belts and Sokol space suits.

ISS goes into Free Drift at 12:34 AM-12:39 AM GMT for MRM-2 hooks opening and Soyuz undocking at 12:38 AM GMT. Attitude control returns to US Momentum Management with CMGs (Control Moment Gyros) at ~1:30 AM GMT.

When hooks have opened and 26S has been pushed out by spring force (delta-V ~0.12 m/s) with Soyuz CDR Alex Samokutyayev at the controls, the automated first separation burn of 15 sec duration (~0.55 m/s) is performed at 12:41 AM GMT with two DPO-B1 thrusters. Later, ISS will return to duty attitude (LVLH / Local Vertical Local Horizontal) at 12:46 AM GMT.

26S Descent Timeline Overview:
If everything proceeds nominally, the return to Earth of the Soyuz TMA-21 spacecraft tonight will proceed along the following approximate event sequence (all times GMT):
• Orbital (local) Sunset --- 1:23 AM
• Deorbit Burn start (delta-V 115.2 m/sec) --- 3:05:27 AM
• Deorbit Burn complete --- 3:09:47 AM
• Orbital (local) Sunrise --- 3:26 AM
• Trimodule Separation (~140 km alt) --- 3:33:24 AM
• Atmospheric entry (99.1 km alt, with ~170 m/sec) --- 3:36:43 AM
• Entry Guidance start (81.1 km alt) --- 3:38:20 AM
• Maximum G-load (38.9 km alt) --- 3:43:01 AM
• Parachute deploy command (10.8 km alt) --- 3:45:20 AM
• 26S Landing (DO1) --- 4:00:22 AM GMT, 07:00:22 AM Moscow DMT (09/16), 10:00:22 AM local Kazakhstan (loc. 47deg 16min N, 69deg 35min E)

[Note: Kazakhstan time = GMT+6h, = EDT+10h. Moscow DMT = EDT+7h.]
 
Can't post a link right now but the reentry & landing of the Soyuz TMA-21 proceeded nominally, the crew is safely back on Earth. :thumbup:

Update : here's an article about it :

http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=140524175

I like this pic with the Moon behind :

1_Space_Station_custom.jpg


Expedition 28 -- Commander Andrey Borisenko, left, Flight Engineers Alexander Samokutyaev, center, and NASA astronaut Ron Garan -- landed safely Friday morning local time in a remote area outside the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan.

589466main_soyuz_3_708.jpg
 
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Spaceflight Now: Three-man crew returns from half-year spaceflight

A Russian Soyuz capsule carrying three of the International Space Station's six crew members suffered an unexpected communications black out just before plunging back into Earth's atmosphere late Thursday, completing a nail-biting descent in radio silence with repeated calls from flight controllers near Moscow going unanswered.

Finally, recovery crews in Kazakhstan spotted the Soyuz TMA-21's braking parachute, communications with ground crews were established and the spacecraft touched down at 11:59:39 p.m. EDT (GMT-4) Thursday, tipping over on its side as it closed out an expedition lasting 164 days five hours and 41 minutes since launch April 4 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.

"The Soyuz TMA-21 has landed," Rob Navias, NASA mission control commentator in Houston, reported. "A bulls-eye landing for the Soyuz TMA-21, 10 a.m. Kazak time Friday morning."

Russian recovery crews, along with NASA flight surgeons and space station program managers, were standing by to help Soyuz commander Alexander Samokutyaev, Andrey Borisenko and NASA flight engineer Ronald Garan out of the cramped descent module as they begin their re-adaptation to gravity after five-and-a-half months in space.

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Farewell ceremony + hatch closing


Undocking


Soyuz TMA-21 landing

 
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...suffered an unexpected communications black out just before plunging back into Earth's atmosphere late Thursday, completing a nail-biting descent in radio silence with repeated calls from flight controllers near Moscow going unanswered.

Wasn't aware of that, must have been an epic moment of extreme tense inside the TsUP and in Houston !
 
Expedition 28 Receives a Warm Welcome in Kazakhstan and Russia​

Hi-res landing photos are here.
 
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